History of the Acropolis
The Acropolis history is a testament to the enduring legacy of ancient Greek civilization. The Acropolis, which means “high city” in Greek, has been a site of human habitation since the Neolithic period, around 4000-3000 BC. However, its most famous phase began in the 5th century BC when Pericles, the Athenian statesman, initiated an ambitious building program.
The Parthenon, a structure devoted to the goddess Athena, served as the Acropolis’s crowning jewel. Construction of the Parthenon began in 447 BC and was finished in 438 BC. It is considered a masterpiece of classical Greek architecture and art, featuring the iconic Doric columns and intricate friezes. Other significant structures on the Acropolis include the Erechtheion, the Propylaea (the monumental gateway), the Odeon of Herodes Atticus, and the Temple of Athena Nike.
Throughout Acropolis history, the site has suffered damage, particularly during the Venetian siege in the 17th century and later explosions in the 17th and 18th centuries. However, extensive restoration efforts in the 19th and 20th centuries have helped preserve and showcase this ancient wonder. Today, the Acropolis stands as a symbol of Greece’s rich cultural heritage and a must-visit destination for travelers from around the world.